rack cabinet A cabinet, possibly with a hinged door, that encloses and industry-standard rack, in which standard-size equipment can be mounted in a modular way
radio module A boxed unit taking signals from the local equipment for transmission to a distant receiver, or receiving signals from a distant transmitter for use by local equipment
reciprocating compressor A machine for increasing the pressure of a gas using inlet and outlet valves to open and close at appropriate moments on a cylinder containing a reciprocating piston
respirator A machine, with a mask that is put over the patient's mouth and nose, that keeps the patient's breathing apparatus going artificially
RFID reader A device, with a reader coil, for reading from, and writing to, contactless memory chips (or radio-frequency identifier, RFID, tags)
RFID tag A radio-frequency identifier tag consists of a contactless memory chip and an aerial coil. It can be attached to objects, and read and written at fairly close proximity by a reader coil. More expensive than paper bar-codes, but with the advantage of being writable
right angle gear reducer A reduction gearbox to couple two shafts that lie at right angles to each other
roller bearing A low-friction system of rollers that is placed between a stationary support and the moving (normally rotating) shaft that it accommodates
roller conveyor A series of rollers, laid side-by-side, to act as a low-friction passage for conveying material over short distances
rotary actuator An actuator (a device that achieves mechanical displacement, under some sort of remote control) achieving angular rather than linear displacement
rotary encoder A sensor for determining the angular position of a rotating shaft, encoded as a pattern, or a series of pulses, carried on the shaft and read by the sensor
rotary indexing table A device, organized in a circular dial arrangement, for selecting and conveying parts for assembly, machining, packaging, finishing, and other manufacturing operations