Avesta Project Ltd.

Faraday isolator
Avesta Project Ltd.

A Faraday Isolator (FI) is a nonreciprocal optical device which transmits the linearly polarized light in one direction and deflects the backward beam. It usually consists of a Faraday Rotator and two polarizers. The Faraday Rotator is made of magneto-optical active material which is placed into the permanent magnet system (Nd-Fe-B). Three types of the magneto-optical active materials are available: Terbium-doped glass, Terbium-Gallium-Garnet (TGG) crystals or Yttrium-Iron-Garnet (YIG) crystals.
The FI protects laser by attenuating the reflected and backscattered light by several orders of magnitude (104 to 106). It is also used when some devices have extreme sensitivity to optical feedback which can cause intensity instabilities, frequency pulling and other undesirable effects.
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