Kinematic Spine Simulator Bose Spine Simulator is a revolutionary, six degree-of-freedom instrument which can reproduce typical spinal kinematics and representative load bearing activities for subsections of the spine, such as functional spine units or the lumbar and cervical sections, or the full spine. Typical applications inlcude: - Spine fixation methods - Lumbar and lumbosacral spine performance - intervertebral disc research - Comparative studies - Interbody fusion - Spinal biomechanical research - Disc replacement efficacy. Spinal Disc Fatigue/Wear System Spinal implant design continues to progress towards devices that alleviate pain while preserving motion and maintaining disc height. Testing of intervertebral disc replacement devices remains important, but new guidelines have been developed for fatigue and wear testing of these devices. To meet the demanding test requirements for total disc and nuclear replacements, Bose has introduced the new Spinal Disc Fatigue/Wear System. This test system is designed to meet ASTM and ISO test methods for both lumbar and cervical disc replacements.