Time of flight diffraction ultrasonic transducer
Sonatest Ltd
All TOFD transducers are highly damped with short pulse length, broad bandwidth and high sensitivity, utilising lead metaniobate crystals.
There are four different waves involved in a TOFD image:
A longitudinal wave generated by the transmitter and partially transformed into a spherical wave when the beam crosses the tip of the defect.
The lateral wave that flows on the surface between the two transducers.
The longitudinal wave reflected by the back wall.
The shear waves generated by the mode conversion L/T on the interface of discontinuities.
