A Optical Prisms is a transparent geometrical optical object with at least two polished planes inclined to each other. Light enters from one side of the plane and reflects or refracts when passing through the interior.
Dove prisms are Right Angle Prisms with the top removed. They can be used to reverse the image. It can be coated on the side where the light is reflected for optical sensing applications.
Right-angle roof Optical Glass Prisms are usually used for binoculars or when a right-angle deflection of the image is required. The image is deflected from left to right instead of top to bottom.
The pentagonal roof prism deflects the beam by 90 degrees without deflecting it from left to right or top to bottom.
The output beam generated by the rhombus prism is displaced from the input beam, but it does not change the direction of the beam, nor does it reverse the image.
Porro prisms (independent or higher configuration) are usually used to change the direction of the image. They are commonly used as erectors in space-constrained optical instruments such as binoculars, telescopes, and microscopes. The extent of the porro system will depend on how many axes the image needs to be changed An interesting application of Anamorphic prism is to change the size of the incident beam. This is entirely caused by the geometry of the prism (for example, the angle between the incident surface and the refractive surface), rather than the focusing element or collimation effect in the lens. Anamorphic Optical Glass Beamsplitter are usually arranged in pairs to keep the light beam propagating along the optical axis.