HDT - Heat Deflection (or, distortion) Temperature DTUL - Deflection Temperature Under Load Vicat Softening Temperature
HEAT DISTORTION
A specimen is placed in a frame. The frame consists of a base, which has two anvils on which the specimen is positioned. A rod is lowered on to the specimen. A mass is applied to the rod in order to apply a specified load (bending stress) to the specimen. The entire frame is submerged in a bath containing a heat transfer medium. The temperature of the heat transfer medium is raised by a specified rate (usually 2°C/minute) until the specimen deflects (bends) a specified amount.
Heat distortion Standards : ASTM D648, ISO 75
VICAT SOFTENING TEMPERATURE
The temperature at which a specimen is penetrated a depth of 1.0 mm by a needle of defined area (1mm2) under a concentrated center load condition.
Vicat softening Standards : ASTM D1525, ISO 306