Ball valves, unlike the types of valves previously mentioned, use an opening and closing action. Thanks to a specific valve, moreover, it performs a rotation limited to an angle of 90°. Ball valves can be operated with pneumatic actuators or with electric motors specific for this task, capable of performing a quarter turn: in this case the ball valves will be designed to accommodate the actuators, therefore built with an ISO 5211 flange.
These components can be composed of different materials depending on the use for which the valve will be intended. We can therefore find ball valves on the market in brass, bronze, gray cast iron, carbon steel or 316 stainless steel. As for the connections, we find standard ISO 228 gas threaded connections, NPT threaded, PN16-PN25-PN40 flanged. Furthermore, only on valves with carbon steel and 304/316 stainless steel materials, SW socket-welded connections and BW butt-welded connections can be used. Ball valves are generally chosen for their free passage with full opening, considering this data directly proportional to their DN (if the DN were 25 the ball hole would have a diameter of 25 mm), without any opposition that would produce a pressure loss. Ball valves normally have a two-, three- or four-way function. The ball in particular can be drilled in an L, T or cross shape, the latter solution allowing for a diverting function.