The 4-electrodes design reduces the problem of polarization error and fouling of the 2-
electrodes system (polarization comes about because electro-chemical reaction with the
probe surface ). In the four electrode design alternating current is applied only to the outer
pair of rings. The voltage is measured on the inner rings without polarization effects
because no current flows in the measuring circuit. This type of probe is superior in
function in almost any solution and covers the whole conductivity range with one probe.
• Large measuring range
• Built-in temperature sensor
• Highly precise measurements
• Robust unbreakable epoxy body
- S411/4E cells design allows immersion or insertion application.
Additional design features mean that the conductivity cell's
measurements are not affected by cable influences, polarization
effects or contact with any surfaces.
- S411/4E cells are ideal for monitoring ground water, rivers, lakes,
streams, swimming pools, and industrial water applications
including juices, electroplating, fish farm, pharmaceutics